Tn5 transposase is combined with adapter sequences (blue and green). The adapters contain a 19-bp double-stranded Mosaic End sequence recognized by Tn5 transposase. Adapters have 5' overhangs on the transfer strand with forward or reverse sequences for subsequent PCR.
Tn5 transposase cleaves the target DNA at random locations and simultaneously ligates adapter sequences to the exposed ends.
Tagmented DNA is amplified using primers complementary to the adapter sequences. This step enriches for properly tagmented fragments and adds full sequencing adapters. The amplified library is purified to remove excess primers and adapters and is sent to the sequencer.